Hawa

https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1iOWvnSy2uMYb8huOePJr5CY00ZT6OKby?fbclid=IwAR1yvndf-qXiYxLOc92c6LK4rQeS3F3-YS83nAkR_iSkPlPKavh6cO7XUeA

https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1iuk-SkF0EqShXNHnRXiCBsIlVmdwIQF9kv9HoAT3RWU/edit?usp=sharing

Importance of the Project

We understand that climate change is at the pick in recent years. It has become one of the leading global issues, and it’s affecting all types of regional and global structures. Besides the environment, it has a bad impact on the economy, agriculture, education, social life, and governments from all over the world. That’s why steps must be taken to prevent or simply not make the current situation worse. According to scientists, greenhouse gasses are the main reason for global warming. The most commonly discussed GHGs are CO2, which is 55% of total long-term GHGs, CH4, NOx, fluorinated gasses, Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6), etc. So, to prevent climate change we have to control the emission of these harmful gasses.

Observing all of these effects our team has decided to work in the Brick Kiln industry. Brick kiln industries are commonly found in most of the regions in South Asia. Many private sectors consider this type of industry more as a business rather than giving importance to hygiene and health aspects. Bangladesh stands as the fourth largest brick producer in the world. There are an estimated 7,000 brick kilns throughout the country, which contribute 1% of the gross domestic product (GDP) and provide employment to roughly 1 million people. The total emissions from brick manufacturing in the Greater Dhaka region, to produce 3.5 billion bricks per year have been estimated about 23,300 tons of particulate matter having aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 μm (PM2.5), 15,500 tons of sulfur dioxide (SO2), 302,000 tons of carbon monoxide (CO), 6,000 tons of black carbon (BC) and 1.8 million tons of carbon dioxide (CO2). All these gasses have adverse bad effects human community as well as global warming. So, it is needed to take steps to prevent all of these pollutants to control global warming along with air pollution With that challenge in mind we have designed a new air purification technology that

can purify air coming from chimneys of different industrial sectors. Here are the 2D model followed by the model with components:

Steps Breaking down

• PP FRP tank collects gasses for a sudden time direct from the Industrial chimney (for example we have focused on Brick Kiln)
• Centrifugal blower ensures the flow of gasses from the tank. The blower doesn’t work all the time. It just helps to create pressure difference, and it helps gasses to enter the system at a kind of in packages.
• Specially tuned crew compressor that liquefies SO2 at the required pressure.
• 5A and 13X zeolite absorb CO2 and H2O, followed by activated charcoal that absorb CO and Black Carbon.
• DeNOx/SCR technology produces N2 from NOx. Urea gets mixed with NOx.
• In the end, HEPA filters PMs and purified air comes out of the air outlet of the centrifugal blower.
• Sensors for the detection of SO2, CO2, CO molecules to ensure the highest purification. If the sensors detect any of the molecules the centrifugal blower stops, and a pump moves the gasses to an additional gas chamber then again send them to the compressing chamber. It ensures the highest purification.

Features of Our Project

• All the components used in this project are scientific, logical, efficient, repairable and futuristic.
• Our project focuses on absorption of SO2, CO2, CO, NOx, and H2O, which are the main reason of global warming.
• Our industrial air purification system is based on technologies that are already being used in spacecraft and ISS, such as 5A and 13X zeolites. 
• It produces liquid SO2 (by compression) and CO2 (can be collected from zeolites). These SO2 and CO2 can be used to get extra profit by selling them to industries that need them.
• It can be controlled by Artificial Intelligence.
• This full mechanism is upgradable and designable according to any specific industry.

Used Software:

• Blinder
• Adobe Premiere Pro
• Adobe Illustrator

Website Link:

https://safius-sifat.github.io/Climate-Change/

Github Link:

https://github.com/Safius-Sifat/Climate-Change

Youtube Channel Link:

https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCJdj9k749bmBV-wUhcsVxig

(for safety, Project video will be uploaded there too)

Research shows that the south Asia region experiences a huge range of climate change impacts having diversified climatic zones along with its physical landscape. The main cause of climate change in South Asia is the increase in the concentration of greenhouse gasses (GHGs). The concentration of one of the major GHGs, carbon dioxide (CO2), has been constantly increased in South Asia due to rapid industrialization and other anthropogenic activities. And all of these harmful gases

increasing the global temperature, which is causing a rapid increase in atmospheric temperature. As a result, the world is observing the growth of sea levels, pollution, unpredicted natural disaster, and more and more. South Asia partake the worst air pollution in the world, and it is maximum in India.

Here in the graphs, we can observe that Earth’s global average surface temperature in 2020 tied with 2016 as the hottest year on record, continuing a long-term warming trend due to human activities. And according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, human activities have raised the atmosphere’s carbon dioxide content by 50% in less than 200 years.

On the other hand, the Summer Arctic sea ice extent is shrinking by 12.6% per decade as a result of increasing temperature and carbon dioxide. Satellite sea level observations have measured that the global sea levels are rising as a result of human-caused global warming, with recent rates being unprecedented over the past 2,500-plus years.

The global average sea level rose by 3.1 mm per year from 1993 to 2003. A more recent analysis of a number of semi-empirical models predicts a sea level rise of about 1 meter by the year 2100.

NASA’s grace satellite shows that Antarctica is losing ice mass (melting) at an average rate of about 150 billion tons per year, and Greenland is losing about 280 billion tons per year, adding to sea level rise.

Our Inspiration

10 May 2022! Bangladesh faced the first round of a massive and unprecedented pre-monsoon flood. Flooding is normal during the monsoon season in Bangladesh especially in the northwestern part of the country. But this year, it was the worst flood in 18 years. About 40 percent of the Sylhet city corporation had gone underwater. When flood waters began to recede, the second round of flooding occurred on 16 June because of heavy rains in the upstream Indian region of Assam and Meghalaya. With 2.5 meters above normal tidal surge, it was the highest amount of rain recorded in the region in the last 122 years. It is estimated that more than 90 percent of the northeastern region was inundated. As of today, nearly 70 people have died in different parts of the country. Here the images show eastern Bangladesh before and after unusually severe flooding:

In Bangladesh, the floods have submerged over 53,000 hectares of agricultural land, damaging the crops. The Bangladesh Power Development Board in Sylhet reported shutting off the power supply to ensure the safety of the consumers in multiple areas of the Sylhet division. Due to the floods, the teaching activities of 640 educational institutions in Sylhet have been disrupted. Secondary School Leaving Certificate exams to be held in the country have been canceled due to the deteriorating flood situation. In alone Sylhet district, 55 unions were completely and 15 unions were partially flooded. People were starving! Kids were crying! National and International Media started telecasting the news.

Still, they had nothing to do except watch the disassociating flood and be a part of history. On 20 June, Reuters reported that the flooding had stranded over nine million people, including 45 lakh in Bangladesh and 47 lakh in Assam.

Statistics show that in the short span of the last seven years, the country's northern and northeastern regions have witnessed five major floods. Prof Saiful Islam of the Institute of Water and Flood Management in Bangladesh University of

Engineering and Technology, citing one of his research papers, said even if average global temperatures increase modestly – by 2 degrees Celsius (3.6 Fahrenheit) over the average for pre-industrial times – flooding along the Brahmaputra river basin in northeastern India and Bangladesh is projected to increase by 24 percent. With an increase of 4 Celsius (7.2 F), flooding is projected to increase by more than 60 percent. In his other work, he showed that Bangladesh is going to be the worst-hit country by climate change. The impacts of climate change at specific warming levels of 1.5°C, 2°C, and 4°C upon the natural and social systems of Bangladesh are assessed. Eleven regional climate models' findings show that the average Bangladesh summer temperature is likely to rise from 3.24°C to 5.77°C.

The flood of Sylhet is a grim reminder that climate change is an existential threat across Bangladesh. Bangladesh has already faced disastrous cyclones like Sidr, Ailia, Roanu, Bulbul, Amphan, and more that have affected millions of lives. Moreover, as the climate crisis amplifies, urban centers are also at high risk from sea-level rise, storm surge impacts, waterlogging, and flooding. It has been estimated that by 2050, one in every seven people in Bangladesh will be displaced by climate change. Specifically, with a projected 19.6 inch (50 cm) rise in sea level, Bangladesh may lose approximately 11% of its land by then, and up to 18 million people may have to migrate because of sea-level rise alone.

Our Experience, Challenges, and Learning

Our Space App hacking experience was really interesting. At least after some really hard effort, we are happy and satisfied with our project. We wouldn't say, it was easy for us. Build a team with some new faces and collaborating with them virtually are never so satisfactory. We had lost our sprit several times. But never lost our motivation of achieving something big and extra-ordinary. And, in the end, we have done everything that we wanted to try. Going through the whole journey, we have learned some really interesting technology that is being used in spaces. Especially, zeolite and membranes are something that amazed us the most. To know about the Sabatier system is also very interesting for us. All of these have increased our enthusiasm towards space and climate science.

Taken Approach to Developing This Project

Our team is full of diverse skilled people. All of us were working on different part of the project. Some was analyzing data; some was doing research on the concepts; and some was developing the technology. By dividing our work, we have become able to finish this work, and it also has created a bonding in between us.

Research and Development

• https://climate.esa.int/en/projects/precursors-for-aerosols-and-ozone/
• https://www.researchgate.net/publication/353888071_Wet_Scrubber_Design
• https://technology.nasa.gov/patent/TOP2-291
• https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-319-58538-3_7
• https://www.thesunprogram.com/strategy/the-future-we-dont-want-for-cities-the-heat-is-on
• https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/global-temperature/
• https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0008622317301586
• https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/suspended-particulate-matter
• Amos, Jonathan (30 October 2019). "Climate change: Sea level rise to affect 'three times more people'". BBC. Retrieved 31 October 2019
• https://climate.nasa.gov/faq/19/what-is-the-greenhouse-effect/#:~:text=The%20greenhouse%20effect%20is%20the,it%20would%20be%20without%20them
• https://www3.epa.gov/climatechange/ghgemissions/gwps.html
• https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Anil-Ranveer/publication/302899977_The_Greenhouse_Effect_and_Its_Impacts_on_Environment/links/57331a5308aea45ee838ec21/The-Greenhouse-Effect-and-Its-Impacts-on-Environment.pdf
• https://climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org/country/bangladesh/vulnerability
• https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/article/climate-change-drives-migration-crisis-in-bangladesh-from-dhaka-sundabans
• https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/dsd/resources/res_pdfs/ga-64/cc-inputs/Bangladesh_CCIS.pdf
• https://www.nasa.gov/feature/jpl/nasa-satellite-offers-urban-carbon-dioxide-insights
• https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2022/for-the-1st-time-nasa-spots-short-term-drops-in-co2-emissions-from-human-activity
• https://www.igi-global.com/chapter/adaptation-efforts-and-policy-guidelines-for-bangladesh-at-global-warming-of-15c-2c-and-4c/298488
• 2017 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR SUSTAINABLE BRICK PRODUCTION IN BANGLADESH Brick kiln emissions and its environmental impact: A Review; Bhat Mohd Skinder*, Afeefa Qayoom Sheikh, Ashok K. Pandit and Bashir Ahmad Ganai.

Pictures and Resources

• https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/5/25/children-are-starving-a-cry-for-help-from-flood-hit-bangladesh
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floods_in_Bangladesh
• International Politics and Society journals
• https://theinterlude.net/2022/06/18/flood-in-sylhet/
• https://www.tbsnews.net/bangladesh/environment/52-educational-institutions-closed-due-fresh-flood-sunamganj-440958
• https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/6/21/bangladesh-india-floods-kill-over-100-millions-in-need-of-aid

#hardware, #technology, #egineering, #air, #climatechange, #pollution, #greenhousegasses