High-Level Project Summary
Currently the insar signals have the problem of interference by water vapors that exist in the atmosphere causing the images made by satellites have motion effect which affects the displacement maps of the earth's surface. Therefore our team was given the task of developing a program in Matlab software to filter the images and eliminate the effects of water vapor, the program is based on the collection of images which are filtered through a color detection algorithm for insart signals which allows to see each one individually and their respective change over time.
Link to Final Project
Link to Project "Demo"
Detailed Project Description
What is inSAR?
It is a technique that measures the motion of the earth's surface by the phase difference of electromagnetic waves emitted by satellites. This signal processing is displayed in deformation diagrams called interferograms, which show the phase changes caused by the movement of the earth's surface, such as earthquakes. So far, it is the only technique that can measure ground motion over a large area of several hundred square kilometers.
How does it work?
It is based on the processing and analysis of images, these are captured with electromagnetic waves which are processed with the magnitudes and phases of the same signal received on successive pulses, thus creating an image.
These images are used to obtain the distances between the satellite and the ground surface. These measurements are possible because the satellite makes two passes over the same area. The satellite has a radar antenna which sends and receives electromagnetic waves, in these waves the phase differences between the satellite and the earth are measured and as previously mentioned these phase differences are a function of the distance.
Problem
Once the satellite sends the signal it travels to the surface of the earth and bounces back to the satellite, in this bouncing process there is a disturbance of the data because the interactions with the tropospheric water vapor slow down the radar signal and make it look like the ground is moving.
Importance of our project
The use of this technology is focused on detecting slow and gradual movements of the earth's surface, these movements can be caused by several factors, natural or human, such as: lowering of the water table (aquifer extraction), subway mining (minerals, coal, salt), tunnel excavation, etc.
The control of ground subsidence is essential for the construction and monitoring of works, since it occurs progressively, it can be recognized before it causes damage to the infrastructure.
For this reason, these movements must be detected with a higher precision than today, in this way it will be possible to have greater security in constructions and mainly it will serve to detect earthquake movements without any delay of the signal in the radar.
Implementation
In the first phase, the radar sends electromagnetic signals to the ground of our planet.
For the second phase the same electromagnetic signals bounce back from the ground to the same radar that sent the signal, converting them into a visible image.
Finally in phase 3 the image enters the filter eliminating all traces of the vapors and sectioning it into different colors due to the deformation of the earth the more deformation the earth has had the redder it will be.
Space Agency Data
Agencia espacial Mexicana.
Agenciaq espacial Europea(ESA).
- "Tutorial de aplicaciones terrestres de radar de apertura sintética"
Hackathon Journey
We would describe it as an unforgettable experience, because at the beginning we did not know what to expect, we came with fear, We knew that there were very strong teams but we were not afraid of losing to them because we would give our all in this competition and if we lost we knew it would be against the best and that only motivated us to want to be at their level. It also united us more as a team because it was the first time that the 4 of us worked together and although it took us a couple of hours to locate the role of each one we did it to perfection even surprising us with how well we coupled and how much we did in a short time, without a doubt this experience made us fulfill our motto to perfection "break your limits and go ahead".
References
“Datos Abiertos de México - datos.gob.mx,” Datos.gob.mx, 2019. https://datos.gob.mx/busca/dataset?theme=Geoespacial (accessed Oct. 02, 2022).
Natural Resources Canada, “Remote Sensing Tutorials,” Nrcan.gc.ca, 2019. https://www.nrcan.gc.ca/maps-tools-and-publications/satellite-imagery-and-air-photos/tutorial-fundamentals-remote-sensing/9309 (accessed Oct. 02, 2022).
“SearchResult - Earth Online,” Esa.int, 2022. https://earth.esa.int/eogateway/search?skipDetection=true&text=&category=Document%20library (accessed Oct. 02, 2022).
Sillerico, E., Marchamalo, M., Rejas, J. G., & Martínez, R. (2010). La técnica DInSAR: bases y aplicación a la medición de subsidencias del terreno en la construcción. Informes de La Construcción, 62(519), 47–53. https://doi.org/10.3989/ic.09.063
Michel, G., Acevedo, G., Antonio, J., Rodríguez, Q., Miguel, H., Zamora, G., Carrión, F., Luis, V., Martínez, Á., Jorge, T., Hernández, A., Andrés, F., Guzmán, H., Iván, J., Delgado, V., & Anaya Díaz, M. (n.d.). Análisis del potencial de tecnología satelital InSAR para el monitoreo de la infraestructura carretera. Retrieved October 2, 2022, from https://imt.mx/archivos/Publicaciones/PublicacionTecnica/pt593.pdf
“InSAR | Programa Riesgo Sísmico (PRS),” Programa Riesgo Sísmico (PRS), 2012. https://prs.dgf.uchile.cl/observatorio-g-data/insar/ (accessed Oct. 02, 2022).
Tags
#Union, #Compromiso, #Esfuerzo, #Avance, #SinLimites # Hackatoon, #NASA, #Enbuscadesoluciones, #Robotwolf