3D Evolution

Outfitting a Mars Habitat: A 3D Print Challenge: '3D Evolution: We are alive!'

High-Level Project Summary

When we have to live in extreme environmental conditions, knowing how to survive using our knowledge and material we can find in nature and how to transform those into useful and pretty things are the key. Here, 3D printed parts are an important factor for optimized items to take advantage of time and materials from the planet. Density control of 3d printed items, different structures, heat treatments, and the possibility to use alloys or composite materials help to develop tools, furniture and items that makes life on Mars possible and exciting.

Link to Final Project

https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1rcsP8XlCpBSMbjmLxWXL_8RCZFIDafXq?usp=sharing

Link to Project "Demo"

https://www.canva.com/design/DAFN5-FHGwM/DhbNFVXe48_CBUTBdm0sIA/view?utm_content=DAFN5-FHGwM&utm_campaign=designshare&utm_medium=link&utm_source=viewer

Detailed Project Description

In order to design and decide what items to make, we analyzed first the situations that need solutions:

× Decide which situations are more important to solve with the use of an object. We must to decide what to print in which printer, in order to have the three printers working at the same time, and reach a comfortable life in less time. So printed time needs to be low.

× Once situations are settled, we analyzed the load efforts involved in the situation: Is it compression? Tensile? Flexion? Torsion? Impact loads? Mixed?

× Which is the amount of load the item must support or transmit?

× Is it under cycle loads?

× Will it be used inside? Outside?

× Is it going to be under corrosive environment?

× Is it going to be under extreme temperatures?

× First question of materials: Can we make it from concrete? If not, can we make it from plastic using some structures and treatments? If not, we make it from metal.

x How dsome items can improve the life?

x Are this objects and procedures align with the respect of nature, and treaty of space?

Answering these question leads to create some items using structures, materials and manufacturing processes descripted on our project.

Space Agency Data

× Mars Exploration Program Analysis Group (MEPAG). (2018). Mars Science Goals, Objectives,

Investigations, and Priorities: 2018. https://mepag.jpl.nasa.gov. Retrieved from:

https://mepag.jpl.nasa.gov/reports/MEPAG%20Goals_Document_2018.pdf

× NASA. (February 13, 2019). NASA’s Opportunity Rover Mission on Mars Comes to End.

www.mars.nasa.gov. Retrieved from: https://mars.nasa.gov/news/8413/nasas-opportunity-rovermission-on-mars-comes-to-end/?site=insight

× NASA. (February 23, 2019). Six Things To Know About NASA’s Opportunity Rover.

www.mars.nasa.gov. Retrieved from: https://mars.nasa.gov/news/8414/six-things-to-know-aboutnasas-opportunity-rover/?site=insight

× Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies

x https://nasa3d.arc.nasa.gov/detail/Mini-Perseverance-Rover-Wheel

x https://msis.jsc.nasa.gov/sections/section11.htm

Hackathon Journey

The experience was exciting

We learned a lot about 3d printing, 3d designs and material engineer.

My team choose this challenge because it remind us of the film "The Martian" and it seemed something funny to do. In adittion, it was one of the few challenges that best fit our profiles.

Our approach was more for the hardware side, we tried to think about things that really really mattered.

We solved setbacks by consulting our inquires to people who knew a lot more than us, either in discord or here in the event.

References

× Goulas, Athanasios & Binner, Jon & Harris, Russell & Friel, Ross. (2016). Assessing extraterrestrial regolith material simulants for in-situ resource utilization based 3D printing. Materials Today. 6C. 54-61. 10.1016/j.apmt.2016.11.004.

× Shiwei N, Dritsas S, Fernandez JG (2020) Martian biolith: A bioinspired regolith composite for closed-loop extraterrestrial manufacturing. PLoS ONE 15(9): e0238606. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0238606

× https://www.academia.edu/39973557/Understanding_the_Formation_of_Regolith_on_Earth_Mars_and_the_MoonV

× Tanaka, Masaki & Wilkinson, Angus & Roberts, Steve. (2008). Ductile–brittle transition of polycrystalline iron and iron–chromium alloys. Journal of Nuclear Materials. 378. 305-311. 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2008.06.039.

× A.K. Dahle. (2001) Aluminum Alloys, Heat Treatment of, in Encyclopedia of Materials: Science and Technology.

× Jamaati, Roohollah & Toroghinejad, Mohammad Reza. (2010). Production of Aluminum/Alumina Composite by New Methods. 10.13140/2.1.5074.4647.

× http://docplayer.net/33482899-Electro-ceramic-coatings-and-non-chrome-conversion-coating-dr-lutz-husemann-gothenburg.html

× Song, Bo & Qin, Anjun & Tang, Ben. (2022). Syntheses, properties, and applications of CO2-based functional polymers. Cell Reports Physical Science. 3. 100719. 10.1016/j.xcrp.2021.100719.

× Izdebska, Joanna, 2016. Ageing and degradation of printed materials. Printing on Polymers. William Andrew, pp. 353–370.

× Cabreira, Vinicius & Santana, Ruth. (2020). Effect of infill pattern in Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) 3D Printing on materials performance. Matéria (Rio de Janeiro). 25. 10.1590/s1517-707620200003.1126.

Mena, Juan & Gallardo, Erling & Peñaloza, Erick. (2019). Effect of the filling percentage on tensile strength in 3D desktop printing for different printing patterns, using a randomized design of experiments. Enfoque UTE. 10. 13-27. 10.29019/enfoqueute.v10n4.503.

× Tammaro, Daniele & Della Gatta, Roberta & Villone, Massimiliano & Maffettone, Pier Luca. (2021). Continuous 3D Printing of Hierarchically Structured Microfoamed Objects. Advanced Engineering Materials. 24. 10.1002/adem.202101226.

× Spahiu, Tatjana & Zlatev, Zlatin & Ibrahimaj, Elita & Ilieva, Julieta & Shehi, Ermira. (2022). Drape of Composite Structures Made of Textile and 3D Printed Geometries. Machines. 10. 587. 10.3390/machines10070587.

× https://www.fastradius.com/resources/3d-lattice-design-elements/

× Gernhardt, Michael & Chappell, Steven & Beaton, Kara & Litaker, Harry & Bekdash, Omar & Newton, Carolyn & Stoffel, James & Craig, Douglas. (2019). Deep Space Habitability Design Guidelines Based on the NASA NextSTEP Phase 2 Ground Test Program. 10.13140/RG.2.2.29304.39682.

× Read, Peter & Lewis, Stephen & Mulholland, David. (2015). The physics of Martian weather and climate: A review. Reports on progress in physics. Physical Society (Great Britain). 78. 125901. 10.1088/0034-4885/78/12/125901.

× National Earth Science Teachers Association (NESTA). (2012). Weathering Processes on Mars. Windows to the Universe. Retrieved from: https://www.windows2universe.org/mars/exploring/MPF_weathering.html&edu=high